Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the branch of computer science and engineering that deals with creating machines or software capable of performing tasks that would normally require human intelligence. These tasks include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, language understanding, and visual perception. AI systems can be designed to mimic human cognitive processes and can range from narrow AI, which is specialized in a single task (like speech recognition or recommendation algorithms), to general AI, which is theoretical and capable of performing any intellectual task that a human can do. AI technologies are transforming industries such as healthcare, finance, entertainment, manufacturing, and more, creating both challenges and opportunities for society.