"Aid or Trade" by Yousaf H. Shirazi delves into the intricate interplay between aid and trade in the realm of international development, offering a comprehensive analysis of their roles, challenges, and potential synergies. Through a nuanced exploration of economic theory, policy frameworks, and real-world case studies, Shirazi provides readers with a deep understanding of the complex dynamics shaping global economic relations. The book begins by examining the historical evolution of aid and trade mechanisms, tracing their roots from post-World War II reconstruction efforts to contemporary globalization trends. Shirazi meticulously dissects the underlying principles and objectives of both aid and trade, elucidating their distinct but often overlapping roles in fostering economic growth, poverty alleviation, and sustainable development. Central to Shirazi's analysis is a critical evaluation of the efficacy and impact of traditional aid models, including foreign aid packages, development assistance programs, and humanitarian interventions. Drawing on empirical evidence and expert insights, he highlights the inherent limitations and potential pitfalls of aid dependency, emphasizing the need for a more nuanced and sustainable approach to development financing. In contrast, Shirazi explores the transformative potential of trade as a driver of economic growth and poverty reduction. He elucidates the role of trade liberalization, market